Kibbutzim: Example of a Socialist Economic System

A very good example of the social economic system is the “Kibbutz” system in Israel which stands out as the most successful participatory system that has been tried to date. The Kibbutz is a collective community in Israel that had its inception in collective agriculture in 1909 prior to the formation of Israel. Currently, besides agriculture, the kibbutz system has spread to another form of economic activities predominantly high tech enterprises and industrial enterprises. Because Kibbutzim is derived from socialist philosophy it is in contrast to the ideals of capitalism. This is a voluntary collective community in which a single person does not own the kibbutz or any income derived from its activities. (more…)

Causes Of Pain

Pain is a common occurrence in older people and it impairs their physical performance. It is believed that the bouts of depression suffered by older people are the usual causes of pain because both have a negative effect on their lifestyle whether they occur simultaneously or individually. The purpose of this article is to explore the factors that cause pain including the impact of social and psychosocial factors on pain onset. It will also test the hypotheses of the potential differences between the quantities of relationships versus the quality of those relationships. (more…)

Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act

Before the passage of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (JJDP) Act (42 U.S.C. 5601 et. seq.) in 1974, separate programs were implemented to make sure the needs of the juvenile female offender were considered, However, after the passing of the JJDP Act, specific policies began to affect the way the juvenile court approached and processed this population. At first, the effects were not specific. In recent years, however, in combination with Federal programs, Congress has taken more steps to make sure this population is represented appropriately. Hardly any attention has been paid to females who commit crime and misbehavior because it has been considered mainly as the activities of boys. (more…)